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Reasons for Excessive Oil Consumption in Diesel Engines

March 3, 2017 By Capital135

Oil Leakage On Outside of Engine

The most common place for the diesel engine builder to look for leaks, on the outside of the engine, is crankshaft. If nothing is found you can then then work your way up the engine. First, look for any oil leakage at the seals at the end of the crankshaft. If everything looks fine the next logical place to look for leakage at the oil pan gasket and all lubrication connections. If there are still no leaks you should inspect the crankcase breather. This is a very common spot for oil leaks which are caused by a combustion of gas around the pistons. If the crankcase breather is clogged with debris this will cause high oil pressure in the crankcase. The dirty crankcase breather will cause gaskets and seals to crack and leak.

Oil Consumption Into Combustion Area

If you see blue smoke it is usually a telltale sign of burning oil somewhere in the combustion chamber. If oil leaks into the combustion chamber of the diesel engine it is usually a sign of wear and tear somewhere in the engine. There are four common ways for oil to leak into the combustion area of the pistons:

•    The most frequent place to check for an oil leakage is between worn valve guides and valve stems.

Excessive Oil Consumption Diesel Enginegine•    Check for old and worn components such as pistons, piston rings and liners.

•    It is also imperative to check for clogged oil return galleries in the bearings. Clogged bearings will build up oil pressure and cause a leak somewhere else.

•    If the compression and intermediate rings are installed incorrectly it can cause oil leaks.

•    It is also common to see oil leakage issues past the seal rings in the impeller end of the turbo shaft.

Increased oil consumption can also be the results of using the wrong viscosity of oil for a particular engine. A brand new engine should not use synthetic oils as they are too thin. The thin oil doesn’t give enough time for the gaskets, liners, rings and bearings to seat properly in a new engine. Standard oil should be used for the first 5,000 miles then a synthetic oil is fine to use. Additionally, a standard oil that is measured with an abnormal viscosity can be caused by fuel leakage into the crankcase or by increased engine oil temperature.

Increased Oil Temperature Reasons

Diesel Engine Oil CoolerIt is always best to follow the manufacturer guidelines for the type of oil used in a diesel engine. Most large heavy duty diesel engines use SAE 10W30 oil. The maximum allowed oil temperature for SAE 10W30 is 239 F°. This is the temperature of the oil after directly passing through the oil cooler.

The most common cause of excessive oil temperature is a blockage in the oil galleries in the oil cooler. If the oil cooler isn’t working properly the oil will not be cooled to normal temperatures. Usually, but not always, a restriction in the oil cooler will not cause low oil pressure in the engine.

In diesel engine oil coolers there is a bypass valve that allows the flow of oil in the event of blockages within the oil cooler galleries. The valve is pressure sensitive; usually 25 psi of pressure or more will open up the valve and allow unfiltered, uncooled oil through the system. If there is a system within the engine that needs excess lubrication than normal demand the bypass valve will open. Increased oil temperatures should not be ignored and addressed immediately.

Overall, excessive oil consumption is not a sign of immediate engine trouble but rather minor issues that should be addressed during regular maintenance. Diesel engine will last a long with with regular oil changes, cleaning and replacing of wore parts. If you do see an oil leak or increased oil temperatures you should immediately shut engine down to prevent further damage and seek a professional mechanic.

Filed Under: Diesel Articles, Diesel Engine News, Diesel Engine Problems and Repairs, Diesel Engines, Diesel History Tagged With: Diesel Engines, low oil pressure, oil consumption, oil cooler, oil pressure

7 Reasons For Low Oil Pressure in a Diesel Engine

February 3, 2017 By Capital135

Diesel Engine Oil PressureWhen low oil pressure is detected the immediate response is to think the worst. However, most issues can be resolved with simple solutions. This article explains 7 of the most common causes for low oil pressure in a Caterpillar C7 but the principals can apply to the majority of diesel engines.

Before any inspection begins it is important to take a few precautions before tearing into the engine. Remember to keep all parts clean and free of contaminants. Any dirt or debris that gets into the engine can cause wear, misalignment of critical parts or clog various oil passageways. Use of an oil pressure gauge will determine if the problem is in the top end or bottom end of the engine.

It is also important to note to contain all fluids when inspecting the parts of the engine. Try your best to maintain critical fluid levels as best you can to ensure parts of the engine are not contaminated. Also dispose of all fluids according to local and federal regulations.

1. Engine Oil Level Is Low:

The first place to check if the oil level is low is the crankcase. The most common problem is that there is simply not enough oil in the engine. The oil level may simply be below the oil pump supply tube. Simply put, this will cause the oil pump not to work as it does not have the ability to pump oil to the engine components. The solution is to simply add the correct level of oil to the engine. Make sure to refer to “Refer to Operation and Maintenance Manual” for the recommended oil for your engine.

2. Engine Oil Is Contaminated:

Caterpillar Oil FiltersFuel or coolant in the oil will cause low engine oil pressure. Excess fluids in the oil consequently will cause high oil levels in the crankcase. High oil levels in the crankcase will generally always point to excessive fluid leaking somewhere else in the engine. Common contaminants include diesel fuel, coolant, or water. The engine builder will then have to determine the source of the fluid leak and make appropriate repairs. After the source of the contamination is found and fixed the oil should be drained and refilled with the approved grade of oil. It is also recommended to change the oil filter. Sometimes the low oil pressure is due to something so small as a clogged oil filter.

Caterpillar oil filters are built specifically for Caterpillar engines. That being said there are aftermarket oil filters that will do the job just fine. OEM dealers will recommend the use of propriety oil filters stating unauthorized filters will allow larger particles into the engine potentially causing damage to the bearings, crankcase etc… but most of that is simply untrue. Aftermarket filters are built to the exact same standards at the OEM ones.

3. Engine Oil Bypass Valves Are Open:

OIl Bypass Valve
Oil Bypass Valve

If the engine oil bypass valves are set in the “Open” position, it can result in lower engine oil pressure. The cause of open bypass valves is usually debris in the engine oil. Debris could be dirt or metal shavings from internal damage from one of the internal hard parts (camshaft, crankshaft, pistons etc…) The solution to this issue is to remove each oil bypass valve and clean out any dirt or debris. It is also wise to clean each bypass valve bore. Once the bypass valves are cleaned the oil should be changed as well as the oil filter.

4. Oil Lines or Oil Passages Are Not Working:

An oil line or oil passage that is open, broken or disconnected will cause low engine oil pressure. The engine builder should check each oil passage for debris and wear. Sometimes oil galleries can be out of alignment where the holes are not lined up correctly to allow normal oil flow. Check that the oil lines are hooked up properly and that there is not a tear in the line.

Oil Pump ScreenAn open lubrication system could also be caused by a piston cooling nozzle that is missing or damaged. Piston cooling nozzles direct engine oil towards the bottom of the piston in order to cool the piston. These nozzles also provide lubrication for the piston pin. Incorrect installation, restriction of normal movement or breakage of the piston cooling nozzles could result in the seizure of the piston itself.

5. Restriction in the Oil Suction Tube – Low Oil Pressure:

There is an inlet screen in the oil suction tube which can get clogged or damaged. This restriction will cause cavitation and a loss of engine oil pressure. The solution is to check the inlet screen on the oil pickup tube and remove any material that may be restricting oil flow. Low engine oil pressure may also come from the oil pickup tube not sitting properly and drawing in air vs. oil. Check the joints of the oil pickup tube for cracks, alignment or a damaged O-Ring seal. The best way gain access to the oil pickup tube is by removing the oil pan.

6. Problems with the Oil Pump:

Any sort of air leakage in the supply side of the oil pump will also cause cavitation (back pressure) and loss of oil pressure. The engine builder should check the supply side of the oil pump and make any necessary repairs.

The other common issue with the oil pump is excess wear to the gears. Gears that are out of tolerance will not have enough power to crEngine Bearingseate suction. The engine builder must repair or replace the gears in the oil pump or purchase a new pump.

7. Improper Bearing Clearance:

If the engine bearings have excessive clearance it could result in low oil pressure. Check the internal engine components where bearings are present to make sure they are in spec. If the bearings are worn it is advised to replace the bearings or make necessary repairs to the components.

CAT Oil SystemCAT Oil System 2

Loss of engine oil pressure is a serious yet common matter with diesel engines. It should be noted that ignoring a low oil pressure warning could result in serious damage to your engine. The best way to keep your engine running is to regularly change the oil and keep the internal parts properly lubricated. Lubrication is life blood of any engine.

Filed Under: Diesel Articles, Remanufacturing, Uncategorized Tagged With: diesel tips, low oil pressure, oil pressure

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Capital Reman Exchange is proud to call Colorado our home. Based in the Mile High City, we call the Capitol City of Colorado our home, but ensure it is our client’s capital equipment and trust we strive to earn each and every day. We achieve trust through hands on ownership and an employee base that is second to none in skill and training.

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All OEM manufacturer’s brand name, tradename, symbols or descriptions are for internal reference only. Any statement, website content, advertisement, literature or brochure should NOT be interpreted or implied as having any direct relationship with OEM manufacturers or their respective dealer network. Under no circumstance is any engine part or engine advertised by Capital Reman Exchange, LLC affiliated with any OEM manufacturers which includes but not limited to Caterpillar®, Cummins®, Detroit Diesel®, Mack®, John Deere®, Komatsu®, Waukesha®.

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